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Many of the traditional theories and most of the early studies of the psychology of humor ignored the interpersonal aspects, instead focusing on cognitive and emotional processes of the individual. In most early studies have investigated the reaction of participants to the jokes and drawings in the laboratory, which did not allow to obtain sufficient information about how is usually expressed humor in everyday social interactions. However, in recent years in psychology and in other disciplines, researchers have paid more attention to social aspects of humour, exploring, in particular, its functions in interpersonal communication and influence. This change in perspective was accompanied by a shift of focus from "canned jokes" as the prototype of humour in other forms, spontaneously emerging in the course of normal conversation, such as teasing, irony, and witty banter.

not a serious discrepancy, which usually causes the humor for funny sayings or actions of people. The jokes almost always talking about people and not about animals or inanimate objects. The emotion of joy is also usually experienced with other people. As suggested by Michelle Shiota with colleagues , sharing the experience of joy performs an important social function in establishing and maintaining a close relationship, strengthening the attractiveness and loyalty, and helps to coordinate mutually beneficial actions. Laughter is also inherently social because it conveys the joyful emotional state of others and is causing this emotion in the listeners . Thus, although humor is a form of enjoyable game, it also performs important social functions, probably, have made some contribution to our survival in the course of evolution.



Sociologist Michael Malka suggested that people interact with each other using two basic methods of communication: serious and humorous.For Malkey, is a common, everyday ways of conversation, but they are based on fundamentally different principles. In a serious way, we try to be logically consistent, tend to avoid ambiguity and contradiction and assume that there is a single for all people's external reality. However, this method of communication is often inadequate, since different individuals and groups is often quite different perceptions of reality and different interpretations of events. When people try to communicate, these different realities often collide among themselves, causing the contradiction, inconsistency and incoherence, which are difficult to overcome with the serious conversation.

According to Malta, humor as a social gaming activity has been co-opted by people in the course of evolution, allowing the interlocutors to communicate, despite the mutual diversity and emerging conflicts. Malka considers humor as a way to accept the contradictions, inconsistencies and ambiguities inherent in interpersonal relationships and even enjoy them. Simultaneously expressing opposite meanings, the humorous mode of communication gives a General conceptual framework that bring together the contradictions instead of trying to avoid them, and thus allows people to resolve interpersonal problems that otherwise would be intractable.

for Example, using jokes and playful teasing spouses or other people in close relationships, can speak on a subject that they completely disagree with each other — instead use a more serious method of communication and to engage in endless debates that do not help to solve the problem and only lead to increased anger and bitterness, destabilizing the relationship. Humorous way of communication allows them to Express opposing viewpoints and to recognize the existence of the conflict, while handing the other person a message about the desire to continue the relationship. Thus, such humor is a way to play with the inconsistency in the relationships and feelings of people towards each other and make fun of him. A pleasant feeling of joy caused by the perception of the games inconsistencies and laughter helps to promote harmony and to enjoy the relationships despite differences in points of view. This is just one of many ways of transmission by using humor to information about the beliefs, attitudes, motives, feelings and needs of people in different kind of relationship where the serious conversation. This way of communication not only transmits information, but it also causes joy and laughter, providing additional impact to other people's feelings.

Humor is a common form of interaction, which is found in all types of social contexts and takes many forms. These forms are "canned jokes" funny stories from your personal life, spontaneous witty comments, ironic remarks, puns, teasing, sarcasm, ambiguity, etc. the Humor can also occur unintentionally, such as when people laugh in response to the improper use of words or awkward actions . All of these forms of humor can carry important interpersonal functions.

Makarenko Amalia
Портал «Клуб Здорового Сознания»
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